Handover is one of the most essential tools in updating colleagues of a patient’s current health status and treatment plan.

Whether it is a taped or verbal handover, in a room or at the bedside, a good clinical handover requires effective communication to enable continuity of care.

According to Flinders University, a handover requires a nurse to:

• Communicate objectively, appropriately and concisely with other health professionals;
• Understand and use medical/nursing terminology;
• Interpret charts and other documents;
• Write up patient observations; and
• Understand clinical procedures.

Here are five tips to polish your handover technique:

Be organised

Try to follow an organised sequence when handing over: patient details, presenting complaint, significant history, treatment and plan of care.

Include clinical observations, pathology results, procedures etc. Don’t forget to highlight allergies, and relevant patient history and other medical conditions.

Sometimes you may need to go back or forward but try to keep to an order so colleagues can easily follow you. Importantly, what is the plan of care for the next shift?

Stay focused

Stay relevant. Don’t handover  everything that’s happened to a patient throughout the shift; sometimes this takes confidence and experience in knowing what’s important to leave in or out. It’s ok if not much has occurred during your shift, don’t make up for it with waffle or gossip. Reaffirm the patient’s current status and plan of care – and move on.

Communicate clearly

Be concise and speak clearly. Emphasis key needs or concerns, such as if the next set of observations or IV antibiotics are due imminently. Use relevant medical and nursing terminology. Avoid abbreviations or being ambiguous. If you are handing over to a new graduate or junior member of staff, explain any anomalies to a patient’s care or treatments they might be unfamiliar with. Check your colleague is listening and attentive – if they’re distracted, ask a question.

Be patient-centred

It’s not just the clinical information that is important, what has your patient’s mood been like? Are they flat, depressed, anxious, concerned, teary? Pass on any specific concerns or needs of your patient. If you have an intuition something isn’t right but your patient is clinically stable, mention it – trust and share your nurse’s sixth sense.

Allow time

Use handover time wisely. Whilst effective time management includes the clinical handover, it’s critical that all important information is relayed. Try not to rush or speak too fast, particularly for a taped handover report. Be open and encourage questions if it’s a verbal handover. If a colleague seems unsure of what you are saying, repeat or explain what you have said.

Ineffective handovers can lead to adverse events, delays in care and complications. Time taken to provide an effective handover can lead to timely, quality care and good patient outcomes.